Critical Care Registered Nurse (CCRN) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a potential risk associated with craniotomy?

1. Cardiac arrest

2. Respiratory compromise

3. Allergic reaction

4. Skin irritation

The correct answer is: Respiratory compromise

The potential risk associated with craniotomy that is highlighted here is respiratory compromise. During a craniotomy, a patient is often placed under general anesthesia, which can affect respiratory function. The positioning of the patient, the manipulation of brain tissue, and the use of certain medications can all contribute to compromised respiratory function. Additionally, neuromuscular blockers used during procedures can further decrease spontaneous breathing efforts, making close monitoring and interventions crucial. It's important to recognize that while cardiac arrest, allergic reactions, and skin irritation can occur in surgical settings, they are not as directly linked to the specific risks posed by craniotomy. Cardiac arrest, for example, can be a risk during any major surgical procedure but isn't a direct consequence of the craniotomy itself. Allergic reactions can happen in response to medications or materials used in surgery, but they are not specific to craniotomy procedures. Skin irritation is generally more related to factors like surgical prep or prolonged pressure but is not a significant concern directly associated with the craniotomy process itself.